MedicalPlanet
Êîíòàêòíûå äàííûå:
admin@medicalplanet.su
2009-2026
Ñïèñîê òðóäîâ àâòîðîâ, èñïîëüçîâàííûõ ïðè ïîäãîòîâêå ñòàòåé ïî ÓÇÈ ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû íà ñàéòå ÌåäèêàëÏëàíåò
Ñîêðàùåíèÿ ïðèìåíÿåìûå â ñòàòüÿõ:
- ÁÃ — áîëåçíü Ãðåéâñà
- ÂÃ — âðîæäåííûé ãèïîòèðåîç
- ÂÃÍ — âîçâðàòíûé ãîðòàííûé íåðâ
- Âß — âíóòðåííÿÿ ÿðåìíàÿ âåíà
- ÄÒ — äåñòðóêòèâíûé òèðåîèäèò
- ÊÒ — êîìïüþòåðíàÿ òîìîãðàôèÿ
- ÊÙÏ — êèñòà ùèòîÿçû÷íîãî ïðîòîêà
- ËÓ — ëèìôàòè÷åñêèé óçåë
- ìèÐÍÊ — ìèêðîðèáîíóêëåèíîâàÿ êèñëîòà
- ÌÐÒ — ìàãíèòíî-ðåçîíàíñíàÿ òîìîãðàôèÿ
- ÎÐ — îòíîñèòåëüíûé ðèñê
- ÎÑÀ — îáùàÿ ñîííàÿ àðòåðèÿ
- ÎÙÆ — îêîëîùèòîâèäíûå æåëåçû
- ÏÃÏÒ — ïåðâè÷íûé ãèïåðïàðàòèðåîç
- ÏÐÙÆ — ïàïèëëÿðíûé ðàê ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû
- ÏÒÃ — ïàðàòãîðìîí
- ÏÙÆ — ïàðàùèòîâèäíûå æåëåçû
- Ð×À — ðàäèî÷àñòîòíàÿ àáëÿöèÿ
- ÒÀÁ — òîíêîèãîëüíàÿ àñïèðàöèîííàÿ áèîïñèÿ
- ÒÃ — òèðåîãëîáóëèí
- ÓÇ — óëüòðàçâóêîâîé
- ÓÇÈ — óëüòðàçâóêîâîå èññëåäîâàíèå
- ÓÇÈ-ÒÀÁ — òîíêîèãîëüíàÿ àñïèðàöèîííàÿ áèîïñèÿ ïîä êîíòðîëåì óëüòðàçâóêîâîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ
- ÔÀÓ ÙÆ — ôóíêöèîíàëüíî-àâòîíîìíûé óçåë ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû
- ÕËÒ — õðîíè÷åñêèé ëèìôîöèòàðíûé òèðåîèäèò
- ÖÄ — öâåòîâàÿ äîïïëåðîãðàôèÿ
- ÖÄÊ — öâåòîâîå äîïïëåðîâñêîå êàðòèðîâàíèå
- ×ËÀ — ÷ðåñêîæíàÿ ëàçåðíàÿ àáëÿöèÿ
- ×ÑÝ — ÷ðåñêîæíàÿ ñêëåðîòåðàïèÿ ýòàíîëîì
- ÙÆ — ùèòîâèäíàÿ æåëåçà
- ÀÀÑÅ — Àìåðèêàíñêàÿ àññîöèàöèÿ êëèíè÷åñêèõ ýíäîêðèíîëîãîâ (îò àíãë. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists')
- ATA — Àìåðèêàíñêàÿ òèðåîèäîëîãè÷åñêàÿ àññîöèàöèÿ
- ECNU — ïðîãðàììà ñåðòèôèêàöèè â îáëàñòè óëüòðàçâóêîâîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ øåè Àìåðèêàíñêîãî êîëëåäæà ýíäîêðèíîëîãèè (îò àíãë. Endocrine Certification in Neck Ultrasound)
Ïðè ïîäãîòîâêå ñòàòåé ïî ÓÇÈ ùèòîâèäíîé æåëåçû íà ñàéòå ÌåäèêàëÏëàíåò èñïîëüçîâàíû òðóäû èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî ïðèçíàííûõ çàðóáåæíûõ àâòîðîâ:
- Cooper D, Doherty G, Haugen B, et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19(11):1167–214.
- Lyshchik A, Tatsuya H, Ryo A, et.al. (2004) Ultrasound elastography in differential diagnosis of thyroid gland tumors: initial clinical results. RSNA, Abstract.
- Hegedus L. Can elastography stretch our understanding of thyroid histomorphology? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(12):5213–5.
- Bae U, Dighe M, Dubinsky T, et al. Ultrasound thyroid elastography using carotid artery pulsation: preliminary study. J Ultrasound Med. 2007;26(6):797–805.
- Xing P, Wu L, Zhang C, Li S, Liu C, Wu C. Differentiation of benign from malignant thyroid lesions – calculation of the strain ratio on thyroid sonoelastography. J Ultrasound Med. 2011;30:663–9.
- Ding J, Cheng H, Ning C, Huang J, Zhang Y. Quantitative measurement for thyroid cancer characterization based on elastography. J Ultrasound Med. 2011;30:1259–66.
- Sebag F, Vaillant-Lombard J, Berbis J, Griset V, Henry JF, Pent P, Oliver C. Shear wave elastography: a new ultrasound imaging mode for the differential diagnosis or benign and malignant thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(12):5281–8.
- Itoh A, Venu E, Tohno E, et al. Breast disease: clinical applications of US elastography for diagnosis. Radiology. 2006;239(2):341–50.
- Navarro B, Ubeda B, Vallespi M, Wolf C, Casas L, Browne JL. Role of elastography in the assessment of breast lesions. J Ultrasound Med. 2011;30:313–21.
- Pallwein L, Mitterberger M, Struve P, et al. Real-time elastography for detecting prostate cancer: preliminary experience. BJU Int. 2007; 100(1):42–7.
- Lyshchik A, Higashi T, Asato R, et al. Cervical lymph node metastases: diagnosis at sonoelastographyinitial experience. Radiology. 2007;243(1):258–67.
- Friedrich-Rust M, Ong M, Herrman E, et al. Real-time elastography for noninvasive assessment of liver fi brosis in chronic viral hepatitis. Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):758–64.
- Rago T, Santini F, Scutari M, et al. Elastography: new developments in ultrasound for predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:29–2922.
- Lyshchik A, Higashi T, Asato R, et al. Thyroid gland tumor diagnosis at US elastography. Radiology. 2005;237(1):202–11.
- Endocrine Certification in Neck Ultrasound (ECNU) Handbook. URL: https://www.aace.com/files/CandidateHandbook.pdf.
- American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) Practice guidelines for performance of a thyroid and parathyroid ultrasound examination. URL: http://www.aium.org/publications/guidelines/thyroid.pdf.
- American College of Radiology (ARC) — American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) Practice guideline for the performance of a thyroid and parathyroid ultrasound examination. usthyroidparathyroid.aspx.
- Cooper D.S. et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer// Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19. P. 1167-1214.
- Fukunari N. et al. Clinical evaluation of color Doppler imaging for the differential diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions // World J. Surg. 2004. Vol. 28, N 12. P. 1261-1265.
- Bojunga J, Herrmann F, Meyer G, Weber S, Zeuzem S, Freidrich-Rust M. Real time elastography for the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Thyroid. 2010;20:1145–50.
- Rago T, Scutari M, Santini F, Loiacono V, Piaggi P, Di Coscio G, Basolo F, Berti P, Pinchero A, Vitti P. Real-time elastography: useful tool for re fi ning the presurgical diagnosis in thyroid nodules with indeterminate or nondiagnostic cytology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(12):5274–80.
- Lippolis PV, Tognini S, Materazzi G, Polini A, Mancini R, Ambrosini CE, Dardano A, Basolo F, Seccia M, Miccoli P, Monzani F. Is elastography actually useful in the presurgical selection of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011; 96(11):e1826–30.
- Gharib H, Papini E, Paschke R, Duick DS, Valcavi R, Hegedos L, et al. AACE/AME/ETA task force on thyroid nodules. Endocr Pract. 2010;16 Suppl 1:1–43.
- Heged?s L. Clinical practice. The thyroid nodule. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(17):1764–71.
- Cibas ES, Ali SZ. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. Thyroid. 2009;19 11):1159–65.
- Wang CC, Friedman L, Kennedy GC, Wang H, Kebebew E, Steward DL, et al. A large multicenter correlation study of thyroid nodule cytopathology and histopathology. Thyroid. 2011;21(3):243–51.
- de Matos PS, Ferreira AP, de Oliveira Facuri F, Assump??o LV, Metze K, Ward LS. Usefulness of HBME-1, cytokeratin 19 and galectin-3 immunostaining in the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. Histopathology. 2005;47(4):391–401.
- Saggiorato E, De Pompa R, Volante M, Cappia S, Arecco F, Dei Tos AP, et al. Characterization of thyroid ‘follicular neoplasms’ in fi ne- needle aspiration cytological specimens using a panel of immunohistochemical markers: a proposal for clinical application. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2005;12(2):305–17.
- Faggiano A, Caillou B, Lacroix L, Talbot M, Filetti S, Bidart JM, et al. Functional characterization of human thyroid tissue with immunohistochemistry. Thyroid. 2007;17(3):203–11.
- Freitas BC, Cerutti JM. Genetic markers differentiating follicular thyroid carcinoma from benign lesions. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010;321(1):77–85.
- Eszlinger M, Paschke R. Molecular fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of thyroid nodules by tumor speci fi c mutations and gene expression patterns. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010;322(1–2):29–37.
- Ferraz C, Eszlinger M, Paschke R. Current state and future perspective of molecular diagnosis of fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(7):2016–26.
- Nikiforov YE, Ohori NP, Hodak SP, Carty SE, LeBeau SO, Ferris RL, et al. Impact of mutational testing on the diagnosis and management of patients with cytologically ndeterminate thyroid nodules: a prospective analysis of 1056 FNA samples. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(11):3390–7.
- Ezzat S, Zheng L, Kolenda J, Safarian A, Freeman JL, Asa SL. Prevalence of activating ras mutations in morphologically characterized thyroid nodules. Thyroid. 1996;6(5):409–16.
- Vasko VV, Gaudart J, Allasia C, Savchenko V, Di Cristofaro J, Saji M, et al. Thyroid follicular adenomas may display features of follicular carcinoma and follicular variant of papillary carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol. 2004;151(6):779–86.
- Chudova D, Wilde JI, Wang ET, Wang H, Rabbee N, Egidio CM, et al. Molecular classi fi cation of thyroid nodules using high-dimensionality genomic data. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(12):5296–304.
- Li H, Robinson KA, Anton B, Saldanha IJ, Ladenson PW. Costeffectiveness of a novel molecular test for cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(11):E1719–26. 16. He H, Jazdzewski K, Li W, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Volinia S, et al. The role of microRNA genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005;102(52):19075–80.
- Pallante P, Visone R, Ferracin M, Ferraro A, Berlingieri MT, Troncone G, et al. MicroRNA deregulation in human thyroid papillary carcinomas. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006;13 2):497–508.
- Visone R, Pallante P, Vecchione A, Cirombella R, Ferracin M, Ferraro A, et al. Speci fi c microRNAs are downregulated in human thyroid anaplastic carcinomas. Oncogene. 2007;26(54):7590–5.
- Weber F, Teresi RE, Broelsch CE, Frilling A, Eng C. A limited set of human MicroRNA is deregulated in follicular thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(9):3584–91.
- Sheu SY, Grabellus F, Schwertheim S, Worm K, Broecker-Preuss M, Schmid KW. Differential miRNA expression pro fi les in variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma and encapsulated follicular thyroid tumours. Br J Cancer. 2010;102(2):376–82.
- Mazeh H, Mizrahi I, Halle D, Ilyayev N, Stojadinovic A, Trink B, et al. Development of a microRNA-based molecular assay for the detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma in aspiration biopsy samples. Thyroid. 2011;21(2):111–8.
- de la Chapelle A, Jazdzewski K. MicroRNAs in thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(11):3326–36.
- Starega-Roslan J, Krol J, Koscianska E, Kozlowski P, Szlachcic WJ, Sobczak K, et al. Structural basis of microRNA length variety. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011;39:257–68.
- Jazdzewski K, Liyanarachchi S, Swierniak M, Pachucki J, Ringel MD, Jarzab B, et al. Polymorphic mature microRNAs from passenger strand of pre- miR-146a contribute to thyroid cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2009;106(5):1502–5.
- Bean WJ. Renal cysts: treatment with alcohol. Radiology. 1981;138: 329–31.
- Bean WJ, Rodan BA. Hepatic cysts: treatment with alcohol. AJR Am J Radiol. 1985;144:237–41.
- Solbiati L, Giangrande A, DePra L, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection of parathyroid tumors under US guidance: treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Radiology. 1985;155:607–10.
- Livraghi T, Giorgio A, Mario G, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis in 746 patients: long term results of percutaneous ethanol injection. Radiology. 1985;197:101–8.
- Rossi R, Savastano S, Tommasselli AP, et al. Percutaneous computer tomography-guided ethanol injection in aldosterone-producing adrenal adrenocortical adenoma. Eur J Endocrinol. 1995;132:302–5.
- Crescenzi A, Papini E, Pacella CM, et al. Morphological changes in a hyperfunctioning thyroid adenoma after percutaneous ethanol injection: histological, enzymatic and sub-microscopical alterations. J Endocrinol Invest. 1996;19:371–6.
- Monzani F, Caraccio N, Basolo F, et al. Surgical and pathological changes after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy of thyroid nodules. Thyroid. 2000;10:1087–92.
- Rozman B, Benze-Zigman Z, Tomic-Brzac H, et al. Sclerosation of thyroid cysts by ethanol. Period Biol. 1989;91:1116–8.
- Livraghi T, Paracchi A, Ferrari C, et al. Treatment of autonomous thyroid nodule with percutaneous ethanol injection: preliminary results. Radiology. 1990;175:827–9.
- Yasuda K, Ozaki O, Sugino K, et al. Treatment of cystic lesions of the thyroid by ethanol instillation. World J Surg. 1992;16(5):958–61.
- Martino E, Murtas MI, Liviselli A, et al. Percutaneous intranodular ethanol injection for treatment of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules. Surgery. 1992;112:1161–5.
- Papini E, Panunzi C, Pacella CM, et al. Percutaneous ultrasoundguided ethanol injection: a new treatment of toxic autonomously functioning thyroid nodules? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;76:411–6.
- Pacini F. Role of percutaneous ethanol injection in management of nodular lesions of the thyroid gland. J Nucl Med. 2003;44:211–2.
- Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19(11):1167–214.
- Gharib H, Papini E, Paschke R, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, and EuropeanThyroid Association Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Nodules. Endocr Pract. 2010;16 Suppl 1:1–43.
- De Los Santos ET, Keyhani-Rofagha S, Cunningham JJ, et al. Cystic thyroid nodules: the dilemma of malignant lesions. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:422–7.
- Sheppard MC, Franklyn JA. Management of the single thyroid nodule. Clin Endocrinol. 1994;41:719–24.
- Jensen F, Rasmussen SN. The treatment of thyroid cysts by ultrasonographically-guided fi ne needle aspiration. Acta Chir Scand. 1976;142:209–11.
- Monzani F, Lippi F, Goletti O, et al. Percutaneous aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy for thyroid cysts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994;78:800–2.
- Antonelli A, Campatelli A, Di Vito A, et al. Comparison between ethanol sclerotherapy and emptying with injection of saline in treatment of thyroid cysts. Clin Investig. 1994;72(12):971–4.
- Verde G, Papini E, Pacella CM, et al. Ultrasound guided percutaneous ethanol injection in the treatment of cystic thyroid nodules. Clin Endocrinol. 1994;41:719–24.
- Zingrillo M, Torlontano M, Chiarella R, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection may be a de fi nitive treatment for symptomatic thyroid cystic nodules not treatable by surgery: fi ve-year follow-up study. Thyroid. 1999;9:763–7.
- Cho YS, Lee HK, Ahn IM, et al. Sonographically guided ethanol sclerotherapy for benign thyroid cysts: results in 22 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;174(1):213–6.
- Del Prete S, Caraglia M, Russo D, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection ef fi cacy in the treatment of large symptomatic thyroid cystic nodules: ten-year follow-up of a large series. Thyroid. 2002;12:815–21.
- Bennedbaek FN, Hegedus L. Treatment of recurrent thyroid cysts with ethanol: a randomized double blind controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:5773–7.
- Kim JH, Lee HK, Lee JH, et al. Ef fi cacy of sonographically guided percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of thyroid cysts versus solid thyroid nodules. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180:1623–726.
- Valcavi R, Frasoldati A. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection therapy in thyroid cystic nodules. Endocr Pract. 2004;10:269–75.
- Guglielmi R, Pacella CM, Bianchini AP, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection treatment in benign thyroid lesions: role and ef fi cacy. Thyroid. 2004;14:125–31.
- Lee SJ, Ahn I-M. Effectiveness of percutaneous ethanol injection therapy in benign nodular and cystic thyroid disease: long-term follow-up experience. Endocr J. 2005;52:455–62.
- Kanotra SP, Lateef M, Kirmani O. Non-surgical management of benign thyroid cysts: use of ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation. Postgrad Med J. 2008;84(998):639–43.
- Sung JY, Kim YS, Choi H, et al. Optimum fi rst-line treatment technique for benign cystic thyroid nodules: ethanol ablation or radiofrequency ablation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;196(2):W210–4.
- Di Lelio A, Rivolta M, Casati M, et al. Treatment of autonomous thyroid nodules: value of percutaneous ethanol injection. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;164:207–13.
- Kim DW, Rho MH, Kim HJ, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection for benign cystic thyroid nodules: is aspiration of ethanol-mixed fl uid advantageous? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005;26(8):2122–7.
- Livraghi T, Paracchi MA, Ferrari C, et al. Treatment of autonomous thyroid nodules with percutaneous ethanol injection—a 4 year experience. Radiology. 1994;190:529–33.
- Ferrari C, Reschini E, Paracchi A. Treatment of the autonomous thyroid nodule: a review. Eur J Endocrinol. 1996;135(4):383–90.
- Lippi F, Ferrari C, Manetti L, et al. Treatment of solitary autonomous thyroid nodules by percutaneous ethanol injection. Results of an Italian multicenter study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3261–4.
- Monzani F, Caraccio N, Goletti O. Five year follow-up of percutaneous ethanol injection for the treatment of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules: a study of 117 patients. Clin Endocrinol. 1997;46:9–15.
- Zingrillo M, Torlontano M, Ghiggi MR, et al. Radioiodine and percutaneous ethanol injection in the treatment of large toxic thyroid nodule: a long-term study. Thyroid. 2000;10:985–9.
- Del Prete S, Russo D, Caraglia M, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection of autonomous thyroid nodules with a volume larger than 40 ml: three years of follow-up. Clin Radiol. 2001;56(11):895–901.
- Tarantino L, Francica G, Sordelli I, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules: long-term follow-up in 125 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190:800–8.
- Yano Y, Sugino K, Akaishi J, et al. Treatment of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules at a single institution: radioiodine therapy, surgery, and ethanol injection therapy. Ann Nucl Med. 2011;25(10): 749–54.
- Zingrillo M, Modoni S, Conte M, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection plus radioiodine versus radioiodine alone in the treatment of large toxic thyroid nodules. J Nucl Med. 2003;44:207–10.
- Pishdad GR, Pishdad P, Pishdad R. Horner’s syndrome as a complication of percutaneous ethanol treatment of thyroid nodule. Thyroid. 2001;21:327–8.
- Regalbuto C, Le Moli R, Muscia V, et al. Severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy after percutaneous ethanol injection in a nontoxic thyroid nodule. Thyroid. 2012;22(2):210–3.
- Caraccio N, Goletti O, Lippolos PV, et al. Is percutaneous ethanol injection a useful alternative for the treatment of the cold benign thyroid nodule? Five years’ experience. Thyroid. 1997;7:699–704.
- Bennedbaek FN, Nielsen LK, Hegedus L. Effect of percutaneous ethanol injection therapy versus suppressive doses of l-thyroxine on benign solitary sold cold nodules: a randomized trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:830–5.
- Bennendbaek FN, Hegedus L. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy in benign solitary cold thyroid nodules: a randomized trial comparing one injection with three injections. Thyroid. 1999;9:225–33.
- Mondin V, Ferlito A, Muzzi E, et al. Thyroglossal duct cyst: personal experience and literature review. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2008;35(1): 11–25.
- Clark OH. Parathyroid cysts. Am J Surg. 1978;35:395–402.
- Fukumoto K, Kojima T, Tomonari H, et al. Ethanol injection sclerotherapy for Baker’s cysts, thyroglossal duct cysts, and branchial cleft cysts. Ann Plast Surg. 1994;33:615–9.
- Baskin HJ. Percutaneous ethanol injection of thyroglossal duct cysts. Endocr Pract. 2006;12:355–7.
- Kim SM, Baek JH, Kim YS, et al. Ef fi cacy and safety of ethanol ablation for thyroglossal duct cysts. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32:306–9.
- Clark OH, Okerlund MD, Cavalieri RR, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid parathyroid and thyroglossal duct cysts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979;48:983–8.
- Ippolito G, Fausto Palazzo F, Sebag F, et al. A single institution 25-year review of true parathyroid cysts. Lagenbecks. Arch Surg. 2006;391: 13–8.
- Ujiki MB, Nayar R, Sturgeon C, et al. Parathyroid cyst: often mistaken for a thyroid cyst. World J Surg. 2007;31:60–4.
- Frasoldati A, Valcavi R. Challenges in neck ultrasonography: lymphadenopathy and parathyroid glands. Endocr Pract. 2004;10(3):261–8.
- Pacini F, Antonelli A, Lari R, et al. Unsuspected parathyroid cysts diagnosed by measurement of thyroglobulin and parathyroid hormone concentration in fl uid aspirates. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:793–4.
- Silverman JF, Khazanie PG, Norris HT, et al. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay of parathyroid cysts examined by fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy. Am J Clin Pathol. 1986;86:776–80.
- Prinz RA, Peters JR, Kane JM, et al. Needle aspiration of nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts. Am Surg. 1990;56(7):420–2.
- Okamura K, Ikenoue H, Sato K, et al. Sclerotherapy for benign parathyroid cysts. Am J Surg. 1992;163:344–5.
- Sanchez A, Carretto H. Treatment of a nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts with tetracycline injection. Head Neck. 1993;15:263–5.
- Akel M, Salti I, Azar ST. Successful treatment of parathyroid cyst using ethanol sclerotherapy. Am J Med Sci. 1999;317:50–2.
- Baskin HJ. New applications of thyroid and parathyroid ultrasound. Minerva Endocrinol. 2004;29:195–206.
- Solbiati L, Giangrande A, Pra LD, et al. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous fine-needle ethanol injection into parathyroid glands in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Radiology. 1985;155:607–10.
- Fugakawa M, Kitaoga M, Tominaka Y, et al. Guidelines for percutaneous ethanol injection therapy of the parathyroid glands in chronic dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18 Suppl 3:31–3.
- Douthat WG, Cardozo G, Garay G, et al. Use of percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for recurrent secondary hyperparathyroidism after subtotal parathyroidectomy. Int J Nephrol. 2011;2011:246734.
- Chen HH, Lin CJ, Wu CJ, et al. Chemical ablation of recurrent and persistent secondary hyperparathyroidism after subtotal parathyroidectomy. Ann Surg. 2011;253(4):786–90.
- Cercueil JP, Jacob D, Verges B, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection into parathyroid adenomas: mid- and long-term results. Eur Radiol. 1998;8:1565–9.
- Harman CR, Grant CS, Hay ID, et al. Indications, technique and efficacy of alcohol injection of enlarged parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Surgery. 1998;124:1011–20.
- Hay ID, Charboneau JW. The coming of age of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol ablation of selected neck nodal metastases in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:2717–20.
- Lewis BD, Hay ID, Charboneau JW, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection for treatment of cervical lymph node metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;178:699–704.
- Monchik JM, Donatini G, Iannuccilli J, et al. Radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection treatment for recurrent local and distant well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2006;244:296–304.
- Lim CY, Yum JS, Lee J, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for locally recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2007;17:347–50.
- Kim BM, Kim MJ, Kim EK, et al. Controlling recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma in the neck by ultrasonography-guided percutaneous ethanol injection. Eur Radiol. 2008;18:835–42.
- Sohn YM, Hong SW, Kim EK, et al. Complete eradication of metastatic lymph node after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy: pathologic correlation. Thyroid. 2009;19:317–9.
- Heilo A, Sigstad E, Fagerlid KH, et al. Ef fi cacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection treatment in patients with a limited number of metastatic cervical lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(9):2750–5.
- Baek JH, Kim YS, Sung JY, Choi H, Lee JH. Locoregional control of metastatic well-differentiated thyroid cancer by ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197:W331–6. Christophi C, Winkworth A, Muralihdaran V, et al. The treatment of malignancy by hyperthermia. Surg Oncol. 1998;7:83–90.
- Wheatley DN, Kerr C, Gregory DW. Heat-induced damage to HeLa-S3 cells: correlation of viability, permeability, osmosensitivity, phasecontrast light-, scanning electron- and transmission electron-microscopical fi ndings. Int J Hyperthermia. 1989;5:145–62.
- Bown SG. Phototherapy in tumors. World J Surg. 1983;7:700–9.
- Nolsoe CP, Torp-Pedersen S, Burcharth F, et al. Interstitial hyperthermia of colorectal liver metastases with a US-guided Nd-YAG laser with a diffuser tip: a pilot clinical study. Radiology. 1993;187:333–7.
- Amin Z, Harries SA, Lees WR, et al. Interstitial tumour photocoagulation. Endosc Surg Allied Technol. 1993;1:224–9.
- Germer CT, Roggan A, Ritz JP, et al. Optical properties of native and coagulated human liver tissue and liver metastases in the near infrared range. Lasers Surg Med. 1998;23:194–203.
- Heisterkamp J, van Hillegersberg R, Ijzermans JN. Interstitial laser coagulation for hepatic tumours. Br J Surg. 1999;86:293–304.
- Dachman AH, Smith MJ, Burris JA, et al. Interstitial laser ablation in experimental models and in clinical use. Semin Intervent Radiol.1993;10:101–12.
- Pacella CM, Rossi Z, Bizzarri G, et al. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous laser ablation of liver tissue in a rabbit model. Eur Radiol. 1993;3:26– 32.
- Nikfarjam M, Muralidharan V, Malcontenti-Wilson C, et al. Progressive microvascular injury in liver and colorectal liver metastases following laser induced focal hyperthermia therapy. Lasers Surg Med. 2005;37:64–73.
- Ritz JP, Lehmann KS, Zurbuchen U, et al. Ex vivo and in vivo evaluation of laser-induced thermotherapy for nodular thyroid disease. Lasers Surg Med. 2009;41:479–86.
- Piana S, Riganti F, Froio E, Andrioli M, Pacella CM, Valcavi R. Pathological fi ndings of thyroid nodules after percutaneous laser ablation: a series of 22 cases with cyto-histological correlation. Endocr Pathol. 2012;23(2):94–100.
- Ritz JP, Roggan A, Isbert C, et al. Optical properties of native and coagulated porcine liver tissue between 400 and 2400 nm. Lasers Surg Med. 2001;29:205–12.
- Hegedus L. Therapy: a new nonsurgical therapy option for benign thyroid nodules? Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5:476–8.
- Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19:1167–214.
- Gharib H, Papini E, Paschke R, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, and European Thyroid Association medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. Endocr Pract. 2010;16 Suppl 1:1–43.
- Valcavi R, Frasoldati A. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection therapy in thyroid cystic nodules. Endocr Pract. 2004;10: 269–75.
- Esnault O, Franc B, Monteil JP, et al. High-intensity focused ultrasound for localized thyroid-tissue ablation: preliminary experimental animal study. Thyroid. 2004;14:1072–6.
- Esnault O, Franc B, Chapelon JY. Localized ablation of thyroid tissue by high-intensity focused ultrasound: improvement of noninvasive tissue necrosis methods. Thyroid. 2009;19:1085–91.
- Esnault O, Rouxel A, Le Nestour E, et al. Minimally invasive ablation of a toxic thyroid nodule by high-intensity focused ultrasound. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(10):1967–8.
- Pacella CM, Bizzarri G, Guglielmi R, et al. Thyroid tissue: US-guided percutaneous interstitial laser ablation-a feasibility study. Radiology. 2000;217:673–7.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Karstrup S, et al. Benign solitary solid cold thyroid nodules: US-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation— initial experience. Radiology. 2002;225:53–7.
- Pacella CM, Bizzarri G, Spiezia S, et al. Thyroid tissue: US-guided percutaneous laser thermal ablation. Radiology. 2004;232:272–80.
- Papini E, Guglielmi R, Bizzarri G, et al. Ultrasound-guided laser thermal ablation for treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Endocr Pract. 2004;10:276–83.
- Valcavi R, Bertani A, Pesenti M, et al. Laser and radiofrequency ablation procedures. In: Baskin BJ, Duick DS, Levine RA, editors. Thyroid ultrasound and ultrasound-guided FNA. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 2008. p. 198–218.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Hegedus L. Ultrasound-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation of an autonomous thyroid nodule: the introduction of a novel alternative. Thyroid. 2003;13:885–8.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Hegedus L. Bene fi cial effect of combined aspiration and interstitial laser therapy in patients with benign cystic thyroid nodules: a pilot study. Br J Radiol. 2006;79:943–7.
- Spiezia S, Vitale G, Di Somma C, et al. Ultrasound-guided laser thermal ablation in the treatment of autonomous hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules and compressive nontoxic nodular goiter. Thyroid. 2003;13:941–7.
- Amabile G, Rotondi M, De Chiara G, et al. Low-energy interstitial laser photocoagulation for treatment of nonfunctioning thyroid nodules: therapeutic outcome in relation to pretreatment and treatment parameters. Thyroid. 2006;16:749–55.
- Cakir B, Topaloglu O, Gul K, et al. Effects of percutaneous laser ablation treatment in benign solitary thyroid nodules on nodule volume, thyroglobulin and anti-thyroglobulin levels, and cytopathology of nodule in 1 yr follow-up. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006;29:876–84.
- Barbaro D, Orsini P, Lapi P, et al. Percutaneous laser ablation in the treatment of toxic and pretoxic nodular goiter. Endocr Pract. 2007;13:30–6.
- Rotondi M, Amabile G, Leporati P, et al. Repeated laser thermal ablation of a large functioning thyroid nodule restores euthyroidism and ameliorates constrictive symptoms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94:382–3.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Hegedus L. Effect of ultrasound-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation on benign solitary solid cold thyroid nodules — a randomised study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2005;152:341–5.
- Papini E, Guglielmi R, Bizzarri G, et al. Treatment of benign cold thyroid nodules: a randomized clinical trial of percutaneous laser ablation versus levothyroxine therapy or follow-up. Thyroid. 2007;17:229–35.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Bonnema SJ, et al. Randomized prospective study comparing a single radioiodine dose and a single laser therapy session in autonomously functioning thyroid nodules. Eur J Endocrinol. 2007;157:95–100.
- Gambelunghe G, Fatone C, Ranchelli A, et al. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the ef fi cacy of ultrasound-guided laser photocoagulation for treatment of benign thyroid nodules. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006;29:RC23–6.
- Valcavi R, Riganti F, Bertani A, et al. Percutaneous laser ablation of cold benign thyroid nodules. A three-year follow-up in 122 patients. Thyroid. 2010;20(11):1253–61.
- Di Rienzo G, Surrente C, Lopez C, Quercia R. Tracheal laceration after laser ablation of nodular goitre. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2012;14(1):115–6.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Karstrup S, Heged?s L. Benign solitary solid cold thyroid nodules: US-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation—initial experience. Radiology. 2002;225(1):53–7.
- Dossing H, Bennedbaek FN, Heged?s L. Ultrasound-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation of an autonomous thyroid nodule: the introduction of a novel alternative. Thyroid. 2003;13(9):885–8.
- Dossing H, Bennedb?k FN, Heged?s L. Long-term outcome following interstitial laser photocoagulation of benign cold thyroid nodules. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;165(1):123–8.
- Amabile G, Rotondi M, Pirali B, Dionisio R, Agozzino L, Lanza M, et al. Interstitial laser photocoagulation for benign thyroid nodules: time to treat large nodules. Lasers Surg Med. 2011;43(8):797–803. doi: 10.1002/lsm.21114 .
- Siperstein AE, Gitomirsky A. History and technonological aspects of radiofrequency thermoablation. Cancer J. 2000;6:2293–303.
- McGahan JP, Browning PD, Brock JM, et al. Hepatic ablation using radiofrequency electrocautery. Invest Radiol. 1990;25:267–70.
- McGahan JP, Brock JM, Tesluk H, et al. Hepatic ablation with use of radio-frequency electrocautery in the animal model. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1992;3:291–7.
- Goldberg SN, Gazelle GS, Dawson SL, et al. Tissue ablation with radiofrequency: effect of probe size, gauge, duration, and temperature on lesion volume. Acad Radiol. 1995;2:399–404.
- Spiezia S, Garberoglio R, Di Somma C, et al. Ef fi cacy and safety of radiofrequency thermal ablation in the treatment of thyroid nodules with pressure symptoms in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55:1478–9.
- Baek JH, Moon WJ, Kim YS, et al. Radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of autonomously functioning thyroid nodules. World J Surg. 2009;33:1971–7.
- Deandrea M, Limone P, Basso E, et al. US-guided percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation for the treatment of solid benign hyperfunctioning or compressive thyroid nodules. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2008;34:784–91.
- Kim YS, Rhim H, Tae K, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of benign cold thyroid nodules: initial clinical experience. Thyroid. 2006;16:361–7.
- Jeong WK, Baek JH, Rhim H, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of benign thyroid nodules: safety and imaging follow-up in 236 patients. Eur Radiol. 2008;18:1244–50.
- Spiezia S, Garberoglio R, Milone F, et al. Thyroid nodules and related symptoms are stably controlled two years after radiofrequency thermal ablation. Thyroid. 2009;19:219–25.
- Baek JH, Kim YS, Lee D, et al. Benign predominantly solid thyroid nodules: prospective study of ef fi cacy of sonographically guided radiofrequency ablation versus control condition. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010;194:1137–42.
- Baek JH, Lee JH, Sung JY, Bae JI, Kim KT, Sim J, et al. Complications encountered in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules with US-guided radiofrequency ablation: a multicenter study. Radiology. 2012;262(1):335–42.
- Guglielmi R, Pacella CM, Bianchini A, et al. Percutaneous ethanol injection treatment in benign thyroid lesions: role and ef fi cacy. Thyroid. 2004;14:125–31.
- Burns PN, Wilson SR. Microbubble contrast for radiological imaging: 1. Principles. Ultrasound Q. 2006;22:5–13. 57. Wilson SR, Burns PN. Microbubble contrast for radiological imaging: 2. Applications. Ultrasound Q. 2006;22:15–8.
- Papini E, Bizzarri G, Bianchini A, et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the management of thyroid nodules. In: Baskin BJ, Duick DS, Levine RA, editors. Thyroid ultrasound and ultrasound-guided FNA. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 2008. p. 151–71.
- Monchik JM, Donatini G, Iannuccilli J, et al. Radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection treatment for recurrent local and distant well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2006;244: 296–304.
- Papini E, Bizzarri G, Pacella CM. Percutaneous laser ablation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2008;15:434–9.
- Hay ID. Management of patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocr Pract. 2007;13:521–33. Takashima S, Fukuda H, Kobayashi T. Thyroid nodules: clinical effect of ultrasound-guided fi ne needle aspiration biopsy. J Clin Ultrasound. 1994;22:536–42.
- Danese D, Sciacchitano S, Farsetti A, Andreoli M, Pontecorvi A. Diagnostic accuracy of conventional versus sonography-guided fi ne needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules. Thyroid. 1998;8:15–21.
- Carmeci C, Jeffery RB, McDougall IR, Noweis KW, Weigel RJ. Ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid masses. Thyroid. 1998;8:283–9.
- Yang GCH, Liebeskind D, Messina AV. Ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration of the thyroid assessed by ultrafast papanicolaou stain: data from 1,135 biopsies with a two to six year follow-up. Thyroid. 2001;11:581–9.
- Hagag P, Strauss S, Weiss M. Role of ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy in evaluation of nonpalpable nodules. Thyroid. 1998;8:989–95.
- Leenhardt L, Hejblum G, Franc B, Fediaevsky LD, Delbot T, Le Guillozic D, et al. Indications and limits of ultrasound-guided cytology in the management of nonpalpable thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:24–8.
- Rosen I, Azadian A, Wal fi sh P, Salem S, Lansdown E, Bedard Y. Ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy in the management of thyroid disease. Am J Surg. 1995;166:346–9.
- Khoo TK, Baker CH, Hallanger-Johnson J, Tom AM, Grant CS, Reading CC, et al. Comparison of ultrasound-guided fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy with core-needle biopsy in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Endocr Pract. 2008;14(4):426–31.
- Gharib H, Papini E, Paschke R, Duick DS, Valcavi R, Heged?s L, et al.; AACE/AME/ETA Task Force on Thyroid Nodules. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, and European Thyroid Association medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules: executive summary of recommendations. Endocr Pract. 2010;16(3):468–75.
- Papini E, Guglielmi R, Bianchini A, Crescenzi A, Taccogna O, Nardi F, et al. Risk of malignancy in nonpalpable thyroid nodules: predictive value of ultrasound and color-Doppler features. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:1941–6.
- Baudin E, Travagli JP, Ropers J, et al. Microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland: the Gustave Roussy Institute experience. Cancer. 1998; 83:553– 9.
- Kim E, Park CS, Chung WY, Oh KK, Kim DI, Lee JT, et al. New sonographic criteria for recommending fi ne-needle aspiration biopsy of nonpalpable solid nodules of the thyroid. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;178:687–91.
- Marqusee E, Benson CB, Frates MC, et al. Usefulness of ultrasonography in the management of nodular thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:696–700.
- Zajdela A, de Maublanc MA, Schlienger P, Haye C. Cytologic diagnosis of orbital and periorbital palpable tumors using fi ne-needle sampling without aspiration. Diagn Cytopathol. 1986;2:17–20.
- Ahuja A, Ying M. Sonography of neck lymph nodes: part II. Abnormal lymph nodes. Clin Radiol. 2003;58:359–66.
- Dumitriu D, Dudea SM, Botor-Jid C, Baciut G. Ultrasonographic and sonoelastographic features of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands. Med Ultrason. 2010;12(3):175–83.
- Jain P, Jain R, Morton RP, Ahmad Z. Plunging ranulas: high resolution ultrasound for diagnosis and surgical management. Eur Radiol. 2010;20(6):1442–9.
- Vazquez E, Euriquez G, Castellote A, et al. US, CT, and MR imaging of neck lesions in children. Radiographics. 1995;15:105–22.
- Milliken JB, Glowacki J. Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classi fi cation based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982;69(3):412–22.
- Benson MT, Dalen K, Mancuso AA, Kerr HH, Caccicarelli AA, Mafee MF. Congenital anomalies of the branchial apparatus: embryology and pathologic anatomy. Radiographics. 1992;12:942–60.
- Telander R, Filston H. Review of head and neck lesions in infancy and childhood. Surg Clin North Am. 1992;72:1429–47.
- Haddick WK, Callen PW, Filly RA, Mahoney BS, Edwards MB. Ultrasound evaluation of benign sciatic nerve sheath tumors. J Ultrasound Med. 1984;3:505–7.
- Fornage BD. Sonography of the peripheral nerves of the extremities. Radiol Med. 1993;5:162–7.
- Das Gupta TK, et al. Benign solitary schwannomas (neurilemomas). Cancer. 1969;24:355–66.
- Dickinson PH. Carotid body tumour: 30 years experience. Br J Surg. 1986;73:14–6.
- Netterville JL, Reely KM, Robertson D, Reiber ME, Armstrong WB, Childs P. Carotid body tumors: a review of 30 patients with 46 tumors. Laryngoscope. 1995;105:115.
- Arslan H, Unal O, Kutluhan A, Sakarya ME. Power Doppler scanning in the diagnosis of carotid body tumors. J Ultrasound Med. 2000;19(6):367–70.
- Huang TS, Chen HY. Dual thyroid ectopia with a normally located pretracheal thyroid gland: case report and literature review. Head Neck. 2007;29:885–8.
- Delozier H, Sofferman RA. Pyriform sinus fi stula: an unusual cause of recurrent retropharyngeal abscess and cellulitis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1986;95:377–82.
- Park NH, Park HJ, Park CS, Kim MS, Park SL. The emerging echogenic tract sign of pyriform sinus fi stula: an early indicator in the recovery stage of acute suppurative thyroiditis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32(3):44–6.
- Mali VP, Prabhakaran K. Recurrent acute thyroid swellings because of pyriform sinus fi stula. J Pediatr Surg. 2008;43(4):27–30.
- Killian G. La boudre de l’oesophage. Ann Mal Orelle Larynx. 1907;34:1.
- Westrin KM, Ergun S, Carlsoo B. Zenker’s diverticulum—a historical review and trends in therapy. Acta Otolaryngol. 1996;116:351–60.
- Chang C, Payyapilli R, Scher RL. Endoscopic staple diverticulectomy for Zenker’s diverticulum: review of literature and experience in 159 consecutive patients. Laryngoscope. 2003;113:957–65.
- Mazzeo S, et al. Usefulness of echo color Doppler in differentiating parathyroid lesions from other cervical masses. Eur Radiol. 1997;7(1):90–5.
- King AD, Tse GM, Ahuja AT, Yuen EH, Vlantis AC, To EW, et al. Necrosis in metastatic neck nodes: diagnostic accuracy of CT, MR imaging, and US. Radiology. 2004;230:720–6.
- Ihm P, Dray T, Sofferman RA, Nathan M, Hardin NJ. Parathyroid cyst diagnosis and management. Laryngoscope. 2001;111:1576–8.
- Ahuja A, Ying M, Yang WT, Evans R, King W, Metreweli C. The use of sonography in differentiating cervical lymphomatous lymph nodes from cervical metastatic lymph nodes. Clin Radiol. 1996;51:186–90.
- Tsang RW, Gospodarowicz MK. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In: Gunderson LL, Tepper JE, editors. Clinical radiation oncology. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2000. p. 1158–88.
- Ahuja AT, King AD, Metreweli C. Thyroglossal duct cysts: sonographic appearance in adults. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1999;20:579–82.
- VanVuuren PA, Bolin AJ, Gregor RT, et al. Carcinoma arising in thyroglossal remnants. Clin Otolaryngol. 1994;19:509.
- Fausto CSCV, et al. Thymus: ultrasound characterization. Radiol Bras. 2004;7(3):207–10.
- Han BK, Suh YL, Yoon HK. Thymic ultrasound II. Pediatr Radiol. 2001;31(7):480–7.
- Landry CS, Grubbs EG, Busaidy NL, Staerkel GA, Perrier ND, EdeikenMonroe BS. Cystic lymph nodes in the lateral neck are an indicator of metastatic papillary thyroid cancer. Endocr Pract. 2010;16:1–16.
- Gritzmann N, et al. Sonography of soft tissue masses in the neck. J Clin Ultrasound. 2002;30:356–73.
- Shugar J, et al. Multicentric parotid cysts and cervical adenopathy in AIDS patients. A newly recognized entity: CT and MR manifestations. J Laryngol Otolaryngol. 1988;28:272.
- Webb AJ, Eveson JW. Pleomorphic adenomas of the major salivary glands: a study of the capsular form in relation to surgical management. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2001;26:134–42.
- Stennert E, et al. Histopathology of pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland: a prospective unselected series of 100 cases. Laryngoscope. 2001;111:2195–200.
- Lamont JP, McCarty TM, Fisher TL, et al. Prospective evaluation of of fi ce-based parotid ultrasound. Ann Surg Oncol. 2001;8:720.
- Williams MF. Sialolithiasis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1999;32:819.
- Mannoussakis M, Mountsopoulos M. Sjogren’s syndrome. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1999;32:843.
- Ahuja AT, et al. Head and neck lipomas: sonographic appearance. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998;19(3):505–8.
- Hast Ì. The anatomy of the larynx: an aspect of renaissance anatomy by Julius Casserius // Proc. Inst. Med. Chic. 1970. Vol. 28. P. 64.
- Kocher T. Uber Kropfextirpation und ihre Folgen // Arch. Klin. Chir. 1883. Vol. 29. P. 254-259.
- Gough I.R., Wilkinson D. Total thyroidectomy for management of thy roid disease // World J. Surg. 2000. Vol. 24. P. 962-965.
- Wheeler M.H. Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease // Lancet. 1998. Vol. 351.P. 1526-1527.
- Barczynski M., Konturek A., Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A. et al. Five-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of total thyroidectomy versus Dunhill operation versus bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular nontoxic goiter // World J. Surg. 2010. Vol. 34. P. 1203-1213.
- Barczyski M., Konturek A., Stopa M. et al. Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease: is it really worthwhile? // Ann. Surg. 2011. Vol. 254, N 5. P. 724-730.
- Bahn Chair R.S., Burch H.B., Cooper D.S. et al. Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists // Thyroid. 2011. Vol. 21, N 6. P. 593-646.
- Tan G.H., Gharib H. Thyroid incidentalomas: management approaches to nonpalpable nodules discovered incidentally on thyroid imaging // Ann. Intern. Med. 1997. Vol. 126, N 3. P. 226-231.
- Cooper D.S., Doherty G.M., Haugen B.R. et al. Revised American Thy roid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nod ules and differentiated thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19, N 11 P. 1167-1214.
- Garcia-Pascual L„ Barahona M-J., Balsells M. at el. Complex thyroid nodules with nondiagnostic fine needle aspiration cytology: histopathologic outcomes and comparison of the cytologic variants (cystic vs. acellular) // Endocrine. 2011. Vol. 39, N 1. P. 33-40.
- Gharib H., Goellner J.R., Zinsmeister A.R., Grant C.S. et al. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid. The problem of suspicious cytologic findings // Ann. Intern. Med. 1984. Vol. 101. P. 25-28.
- Koo B.S., Choi E.C., Yoon Y.H., Kim D.H. et al. Predictive factors for ipsilateral or contralateral central lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma // Ann Surg. 2009. Vol. 249, N 5. P. 840-844.
- Roh J.L., Park J.Y., Park C.I. Total thyroidectomy plus neck dissection in differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma patients: pattern of nodal metastasis, morbidity, recurrence, and postoperative levels of serum parathyroid hormone // Ann Surg. 2007. Vol. 245. P. 604-610.
- Cavicchi O., Piccin O., Caliceti U. et al. Transient hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy: a prospective study and multivariate analysis of 604 consecutive patients // Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2007. Vol. 137. P. 654-658.
- Kloos R.T., Eng C.. Evans D.B. et al. Medullary thyroid cancer: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association // Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19, N6. P. 565-612.
- Park J.S., Son K.R., Na D.G., Kim E. et al. Performance of preoperative sonographic staging of papillary thyroid carcinoma based on the sixth edition of the AJCC/UICC TNM classification system // Am. J. Roentgenol. 2009. Vol. 192, N 1. P. 66-72.
- Soler Z.M., Hamilton B.E., Schuff K.G., Samuels M.H. et al. Utility of computed tomography in the detection of subclinical nodal disease in papillary thyroid carcinoma // Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2008. Vol. 134. P. 973-978.
- Choi J.S., Kim J., Kwak J.Y, Kim MJ. et al. Preoperative staging of papillary thyroid carcinoma: comparison of ultrasound imaging and CT // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2009. Vol. 193, N 3. P. 871-878.
- Karwowski J.K., Jeffrey R.B., McDougall I.R. et al. Intraoperative ultrasonography improves identification of recurrent thyroid cancer // Surgery. 2002. Vol. 132. P. 924-929.
- Sippel R.S., Elaraj D.M., Poder L. et al. Localization of recurrent thyroid cancer using intraoperative ultrasound-guided dye injection // World J. Surg. 2009. Vol. 33. P. 434-439.
- Perrier N.D., Edeiken B., Nunez R., Gayed I. et al. A novel nomenclature to classify parathyroid adenomas // World J. Surg. 2009. Vol. 33, N 3. P. 412-416.
- Maser Ñ., Donovan Ð., Santos Å, Donabedian R. et al. Sonographically guided fine needle aspiration with rapid parathyroid hormone assay // Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2006. Vol. 13, N 12. P. 1690-1695.
- Erbil Y„ Salmashoghi A., Kabul E. et al. Use of preoperative parathyroid fine-needle aspiration and parathormone assay in the primary hyperparathyroidism with concomitant thyroid nodules // Am. J. Surg. 2007. Vol. 193. P. 665-671.
- Owens C.L., Rekhtman N., Sokoll L., Ali S.Z. Parathyroid hormone assay in fine-needle aspirate is useful in differentiating inadvertently sample parathyroid tissue from thyroid lesions // Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008. Vol. 36. P. 227-231.
- Kebebew Å., Clark Î.Í. Parathyroid adenoma, hyperplasia and carcinoma: localization, technical details of primary neck exploration and treatment of hypercalcemic crisis // Surg. Oncol. Clin. N. Am. 1998. Vol. 7. P. 721-748.
- Heath H. Ill, Hodgson S.F., Kennedy M. Primary hyperparathyroidism: incidence, morbidity and potential economic impact in a community // N. Engl. J. Med. 1980. Vol. 320. P. 189-193.
- Udelsman R., Donovan P.I. Open minimally invasive parathyroid surgery // World J. Surg. 2004. Vol. 28, N 12. P. 1224-1226.
- Owen R. On the anatomy of the Indian Rhinoceros (Rh. Unicornis L.) // Trans. Zool. Soc. bond. 1862. Vol. 4. P. 31-58.
- Gilmore J.R. The gross anatomy of parathyroid glands // J. Pathol. 1938. Vol. 46. P. 133.
- Alveryd A. Parathyroid glands in thyroid surgery // Acta Chir. Scand. 1968. Vol. 389. P. 1-120.
- Wang C.A., Mahaffey J.E., Axelrod L. et al. Hyperfunctioning supernumerary parathyroid glands // Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1979. Vol. 148. P. 711-714.
- Akerstrom G., Malmaeus J., Bergstrom R. Surgical anatomy of human parathyroid glands // Surgery. 1984. Vol. 95. P. 14-21.
- Cheung K., Wang T.S., Farrokhyar E, Roman S.A. et al. A meta-analysis of preoperative localization techniques for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism // Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2012. Vol. 19, N 2. P. 577-583.
- Yeh M.W., Barraclough Â.Ì., Sidhu S.B., Sywak M.S. et al. Two hundred consecutive parathyroid ultrasound studies by a single clinician: the impact of experience // Endocr. Pract. 2006. Vol. 12, N 3. P. 257-263.
- Andre V, Andre M., Le Dreff P., Granier H. et al. Intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma // J. Radiol. 1999. Vol. 80, N 6. P. 591-592.
- McIntyre Jr.R., Eisenach J., Pearlman N., Ridgeway C. et al. Intrathyroidal parathyroid glands can be a cause of failed cervical exploration for hyperparathyroidism // Am. J. Surg. 1997. Vol. 174, N 6. P. 750-754.
- Kamaya A., Quon A., Jeffrey R.B. Sonography of the abnormal parathyroid gland // Ultrasound Q. 2006. Vol. 22, N 4. P. 253-262.
- Lane M.J., Desser T.S., Weigel R.J., Jeffrey R.B. Jr. Use of color and power Doppler sonography to identify feeding arteries associated with parathyroid adenomas // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 1998. Vol. 171, N 3. P. 819-823.
- Wolf R.J., Cronan J.J., Monchik J.M. Color Doppler sonography: an adjunctive technique in assessment of parathyroid adenomas // J. Ultrasound Med. 1994. Vol. 13, N 4. P. 303-308.
- Harari A., Mitmaker E., Grogan R.H., Lee J. et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism patients with positive preoperative sestamibi scan and negative ultrasound are more likely to have posteriorly located upper gland adenomas (PLUGs) // Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2011. Vol. 18, N 6. P. 1717-1722.
- Pesenti M., Frasoldati A., Azzarito C., Valcavi R. Parathyroid incidentaloma discovered during thyroid ultrasound imaging // J. Endocrinol. Invest. 1999. Vol. 22, N 10. P. 796-799.
- Frasoldati A., Pesenti M., Toschi E„ Azzarito C. et al. Detection and diagnosis of parathyroid incidentalomas during thyroid sonography // J. Clin. Ultrasound. 1999. Vol. 27, N 9. P. 492-498.
- Doppman J.L., Krudy A.G., Marx S.J., Saxe A. et al. Aspiration of enlarged parathyroid glands for parathyroid hormone assay // Radiology. 1983. Vol. 148, N 1. P. 31-35.
- Abraham D., Sharma P.K., Bentz J., Gault P.M. et al. The utility of ultrasound guided FNA of parathyroid adenomas for preoperative localization prior to minimally invasive parathyroidectomy // Endocr. Pract. 2007. Vol. 13, N 4. P. 333-337.
- Norman J., Politz D., Browarski E. Diagnostic aspiration of parathyroid adenomas causes severe fibrosis complicating surgery and final histologic diagnosis // Thyroid. 2007. Vol. 17, N 12. P. 1251-1255.
- Abraham D„ Duick A.S., Baskin H.J. Appropriate administration of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy on selective parathyroid adenomas is safe // Thyroid. 2008. Vol. 18, N 5. P. 581-582.
- Agarwal À.Ì., Bentz J.S., Hungerford R., Abraham D. Parathyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology in the evaluation of parathyroid adenoma: cytologic findings from 53 patients // Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. Vol. 37. P. 407-410.
- Krause U.C., Friedrich J.H., Olbricht T., Metz K. Association of primary hyperparathyroidism and non-medullary thyroid cancer // Eur. J. Surg. 1996. Vol. 162, N 9. P. 685-689.
- Carty S.E., Cooper D.S. et al. Consensus statement on the terminology and classification of central neck dissection for thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19, N 11. P. 1153-1158.
- Ahuja A., Ying M., Phil M., King A. et al. Lymph node hilusgray scale and power Doppler sonography of cervical nodes // J. Ultrasound Med. 2001. Vol. 20. P. 987-992.
- Ahuja A., Ying M., Yuen H., Metreweli C. Power Doppler sonography of metastatic nodes from papillary carcinoma of the thyroid // Clin. Radiol. 2001. Vol. 56. P. 284-288.
- Ahuja A., Ying M. An overview of neck node sonography // Invest. Radiol. 2002. Vol. 37. P. 333-342.
- Ballantone R., Lombardi Ñ., Raffaelli Ì., Traini Å. et al. Management of cystic thyroid nodules: the role of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy 11 Thyroid. 2014. Vol. 14. P. 43-47.
- Frasoldati A., Toschi E., Zini M„ Flora M. et al. Role of thyroglobulin measurement in fine-needle aspiration biopsies of cervical lymph nodes in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 1999. Vol. 19. P. 105-111.
- Pacini E, Fugazzola L., Lippi E, Ceccarelli C. et al. Detection of thyroglobulin the needle aspirates of non-thyroidal neck masses: a clue to the diagnosis of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1992. Vol. 74. P. 1401-1404.
- Baskin HJ. Detection of recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma by thyroglobulin assessment in the needle washout after fine-needle aspiration of suspicious lymph nodes // Thyroid. 2014. Vol. 14. P. 959-963.
- Lee M., Ross D., Mueller P., Daniels G. et al. J. Fine-needle biopsy of cervical lymph nodes in patients with thyroid cancer: a prospective comparison of cytopathologic and tissue marker analysis // Radiology. 1993. Vol. 187. P. 851-854.
- Cignarelli M„ Ambrosi A., Marino A., Lamacchia O. et al. Diagnostic utility of thyroglobulin detection in fine-needle aspiration of cervical cystic metastatic lymph nodes from papillary thyroid cancer with negative cytology // Thyroid. 2003. Vol. 13. P. 1163-1167.
- Gemsenjager E., Perren A. et al. Lymph node surgery in papillary thyroid carcinoma // J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2003. Vol. 197, N 2. P. 182-190.
- Bardet S., Malville E. et al. Macroscopic lymph-node involvement and neck dissection predict lymph-node recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma 11 Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2008. Vol. 158, N 4. P. 551-560.
- Cranshaw I.M., Carnaille B. Micrometastases in thyroid cancer. An important finding? // Surg. Oncol. 2008. Vol. 17, N 3. P. 253-258.
- Noguchi M., Hashimoto T. et al. Indications for bilateral neck dissection in well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid // Jpn. J. Surg. 1987. Vol. 17, N6. P. 439-444.
- Noguchi S., Murakami N. The value of lymph-node dissection in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer // Surg. Clin. North Am. 1987. Vol. 67, N 2. P. 251-261.
- Mirallie E., Visset J. et al. Localization of cervical node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma // World J. Surg. 1999. Vol. 23, N 9. P. 970973.
- Qubain S.W., Nakano S. et al. Distribution of lymph node micrometastasis in pN0 well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma // Surgery. 2002. Vol. 131, N 3.P. 249-256.
- Wang T.S., Dubner S. et al. Incidence of metastatic well-differentiated thyroid cancer in cervical lymph nodes // Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2004. Vol. 130, N 1. P. 110-113.
- Triponez F., Poder L. et al. Hook needle-guided excision of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer in previously operated neck compartments: a safe technique for small, nonpalpable recurrent disease // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006. Vol. 91, N 12. P. 4943-4947.
- Ito Y., Higashiyama T. et al. Risk factors for recurrence to the lymph node in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients without preoperatively detectable lateral node metastasis: validity of prophylactic modified radical neck dissection 11 World J. Surg. 2007. Vol. 31, N 11. P. 2085-2091.
- Lee S.K., Choi J.H. et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in papillary thyroid cancer; comparison study of blue dye method and combined radioisotope and blue dye method in papillary thyroid cancer // Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009. Vol. 35, N 9. P. 974-979.
- Lim Y.C., Choi E.C. et al. Central lymph node metastases in unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma // Br J Surg. 2009. Vol. 96, N 3. P. 253-257.
- Ross D.S., Litofsky D. et al. Recurrence after treatment of micropapillary thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19, N 10. P. 1043 -1048.
- Baudin E., Travagli J.P. et al. Microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland: the Gustave-Roussy Institute experience // Cancer. 1989. Vol. 83, N 3. P. 553-559.
- Yamashita H., Noguchi S. et al. Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis. A good indicator of disease recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid microcarcinoma // Cancer. 1989. Vol. 86, N 5. P. 842-849.
- Chow S.M., Law S.C. et al. Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid — prognostic significance of lymph node metastasis and multifocality // Cancer. 2003. Vol. 98, N 1. P. 31-40.
- Ito Y, Uruno T. et al. An observation trial without surgical treatment in patients with papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid // Thyroid. 2003. Vol. 13, N4. P. 381-387.
- Wada N., Duh Q.Y. et al. Lymph node metastasis from 259 papillary thyroid microcarcinomas: frequency, pattern of occurrence and recurrence, and optimal strategy for neck dissection // Ann. Surg. 2003. Vol. 237, N 3. P. 399-407.
- Roti E., Rossi R. et al. Clinical and histological characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: results of a retrospective study in 243 patients //J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006. Vol. 91, N 6. P. 2171-2178.
- Hay I.D. Management of patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma // Endocr. Pract. 2007. Vol. 13, N 5. P. 521-533.
- Mazzaferri E.L. Management of low risk differentiated thyroid cancer // Endocr. Pract. 2007. Vol. 13, N 5. P. 498-512.
- Hay I.D., Hutchinson M.E. et al. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a study of 900 cases observed in a 60-year period // Surgery. 2008. Vol. 144, N 6. P. 980-987.
- Noguchi S., Yamashita H. et al. Papillary microcarcinoma // World J. Surg. 2008. Vol. 32, N 5. P. 747-753.
- Giordano D., Gradoni P. et al. Treatment and prognostic factors of papillary // Clin. Otolaryngol. 2010. Vol. 35, N 2. P. 118-124.
- So Y.K., Son Y.I. et al. Subclinical lymph node metastasis in papillary microcarcinoma: a study of 551 resections // Surgery. 2010. Vol. 148, N 3. P. 526-531.
- Zetoune T., Keutgen X. et al. Prophylactic central neck dissection and local recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis // Ann. Surg. Oncol. 2010. Vol. 17, N 12. P. 3287-3293.
- Moreno M.A., Agarwal G. et al. Preoperative lateral neck ultrasonography as a long-term outcome predictor in papillary thyroid cancer // Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2011. Vol. 137, N 2. P. 157-162.
- Ito Y., Jikuzono T. et al. Clinical significance of lymph node metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma located in one lobe // World J. Surg. 2006. Vol. 30, N 10. P. 1821-1828.
- Lesnik D., Randolph G.W et al. Papillary thyroid carcinoma nodal surgery directed by a preoperative radiographic map utilizing CT scan and ultrasound in all primary and reoperative patients // Head Neck. 2014. Vol. 36, N2. P. 191-202.
- Pineda J., Lee T, Ain K. et al. Iodine-131 therapy for thyroid cancer patients with elevated thyroglobulin and negative diagnostic scan // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1995. Vol. 80. P. 1488-1492.
- Schumberger M., Arcangioli O., Piekarski J. et al. Detection and treatment of lung metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in patients with normal chest X-ray // J. NucL Med. 1988. Vol. 29. P. 1790-1794.
- Torre E., Carballo M., Erdozain R., Lienas L. et al. Prognostic value of thyroglobulin and 1-131 whole-body scan after initial treatment of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2004. Vol. 14. P. 301-306.
- Park H„ Perkins O., Edmondson J. Influence of diagnostic radioiodines on the uptake of ablative dose of iodine-131 // Thyroid. 1994. Vol. 4. P. 49-54.
- Frasoldati A., Presenti M., Gallo M., Coroggio A. et al. Diagnosis of neck recurrences in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma // Cancer. 2003. Vol. 97. P. 90-96.
- Rondeau G., Fish S. et al. Ultrasonographically detected small thyroid bed nodules identified after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer seldom show clinically significant structural progression // Thyroid. 2011. Vol. 21, N 8. P. 845-853.
- Al-Saif O., Farrar W.B. et al. Long-term efficacy of lymph node reoperation for persistent papillary thyroid cancer // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010. Vol. 95, N 5. P. 2187-2194.
- Schuff K.G., Weber S.M. et al. Efficacy of nodal dissection for treatment of persistent/recurrent papillary thyroid cancer // Laryngoscope. 2008. Vol. 118, N5. P. 768-775.
- Clayman G.L., Shellenberger T.D. et al. Approach and safety of comprehensive central compartment dissection in patients with recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma // Head Neck. 2009. Vol. 31, N 9. P. 1152-1163.
- Mazzaferri E.L. Management of a solitary thyroid nodule // N. Engl. J. Med. 1993. Vol. 328. P. 553-559.
- Cooper D.S., Doherty G.M., Haugen .R. et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19. P. 1167— 1214.
- Gharib H., Papini E., Paschke R. et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, and European Thyroid Association medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules: executive summary of recommendations // Endocr. Pract. 2010. Vol. 16. P. 468-475.
- Marqusee E., Benson C.B., Frates M.C. et al. Usefulness of ultrasonography in the management of nodular thyroid disease // Ann. Intern. Med. 2000. Vol. 133. P. 696-700.
- Brander A., Viikinkoski P., Tuuhea J., Voutilainen L. et al. Clinical versus ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland in common clinical practice // J. Clin. Ultrasound. 1992. Vol. 20. P. 37-42.
- Tan G.H., Gharib H., Reading C.C. Solitary thyroid nodule. Comparison between palpation and ultrasonography // Arch. Intern. Med. 1995. Vol. 155. P. 2418-2423.
- Alexander E.K., Heering J.P., Benson C.B. et al. Assessment of nondiagnostic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirations of thyroid nodules // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2002. Vol. 87. P. 4924-4927.
- Hall T.L., Layfield L.J., Philippe A., Rosenthal D.L. Sources of diagnostic error in fine needle aspiration of the thyroid // Cancer. 1989. Vol. 63. P. 718-725.
- Leenhardt L., Hejblum G., Franc B. et al. Indications and limits of ultrasound-guided cytology in the management of nonpalpable thyroid nodules // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1999. Vol. 84. P. 24-28.
- Papini E., Guglielmi R., Bianchini A. et al. Risk of malignancy in nonpalpable thyroid nodules: predictive value of ultrasound and color-Doppler features // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2002. Vol. 87. P. 1941-1946.
- Schneider A.B., Ron E., Lubin J., Stovall M. et al. Dose-response relationships for radiation-induced thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules: evidence for the prolonged effects of radiation on the thyroid // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1993. Vol. 77. P. 362-369.
- Brignardello E„ Corrias A., Isolato G. et al. Ultrasound screening for thyroid carcinoma in childhood cancer survivors: a case series // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008. Vol. 93. P. 4840-4843.
- Acharya S„ Sarafoglou Ê., LaQuaglia Ì. et al. Thyroid neoplasms after therapeutic radiation for malignancies during childhood or adolescence // Cancer. 2003. Vol. 97. P. 2397-2403.
- Shibata Y., Yamashita S., Masyakin V.B., Panasyuk G.D. et al. 15 years after Chernobyl: new evidence of thyroid cancer // Lancet. 2001. Vol. 358. P. 1965-1966.
- Hemminki K., Eng C., Chen B. Familial risks for nonmedullary thyroid cancer // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005. Vol. 90. P. 5747-5753.
- Malchoff C.D., Malchoff D.M. The genetics of hereditary nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2002. Vol. 87. P. 24552459.
- Uchino S., Noguchi S., Yamashita H. et al. Detection of asymptomatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma by neck ultrasonographic screening for familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma // World J. Surg.2004. Vol. 28. P. 1099-1102.
- Sturgeon C., Clark O.H. Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2005. Vol. 15. P. 588-593.
- Langer J.E., Mandel S.J. Thyroid nodule sonography: assessment for risk of malignancy 11 Imaging Med. 2011. Vol. 3. P. 513-524.
- Cappelli C., Pirola L, Cumetti D. et al. Is the anteroposterior and transverse diameter ratio of nonpalpable thyroid nodules a sonographic criteria for recommending fine-needle aspiration cytology? // Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2005. Vol. 63. P. 689-693.
- Rago T, Vitti P, Chiovato L. et al. Role of conventional ultrasonography and color flow-Doppler sonography in predicting malignancy in «cold» thyroid nodules // Eur.). Endocrinol. 1998. Vol. 138. P. 41-46.
- Takashima S., Fukuda H., Nomura N., Kishimoto H. et al. Thyroid nodules: re-evaluation with ultrasound // J. Clin. Ultrasound. 1995. Vol. 23. P. 179-184.
- Brkljacic B., Cuk V, Tomic-Brzac H., Bence-Zigman Z. et al. Ultrasonic evaluation of benign and malignant nodules in echographically multinodular thyroids II J. Clin. Ultrasound. 1994. Vol. 22. P. 71-76.
- Cerbone G., Spiezia S., Colao A. et al. Power Doppler improves the diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasonography in cold thyroid nodules: follow-up results// Horm. Res. 1999. Vol. 52. P. 19-24.
- Kim E.K., Park C.S., Chung W.Y. et al. New sonographic criteria for recommending fine-needle aspiration biopsy of nonpalpable solid nodules of the thyroid // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2002. Vol. 178. P. 687-691.
- Nam-Goong I.S., Kim H.Y, Gong G. et al. Ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration of thyroid incidentaloma: correlation with pathological findings // Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2004. Vol. 60. P. 21-28.
- Frates Ì.Ñ., Benson Ñ.Â., Doubilet P.M. et al. Prevalence and distribution of carcinoma in patients with solitary and multiple thyroid nodules on sonography// J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006. Vol. 91. P. 3411-3417.
- Wienke J.R., Chong W.K., Fielding J.R., Zou K.H. et al. Sonographic features of benign thyroid nodules: interobserver reliability and overlap with malignancy // J. Ultrasound Med. 2003. Vol. 22. P. 1027-1031.
- Kovacevic O., Skurla M.S. Sonographic diagnosis of thyroid nodules: correlation with the results of sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy II J. Clin. Ultrasound. 2007. Vol. 35. P. 63-67.
- Moon W.J., Jung S.L., Lee J.H. et al. Benign and malignant thyroid nodules: US differentiation-multicenter retrospective study // Radiology. 2008. Vol. 247. P. 762-770.
- Bonavita J.A., Mayo J., Babb J. et al. Pattern recognition of benign nodules at ultrasound of the thyroid: which nodules can be left alone? H AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2009. Vol. 193. P. 207-213.
- Ahn S.S., Kim E.K., Kang D.R., Lim S.K. et al. Biopsy of thyroid nodules: comparison of three sets of guidelines // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2010. Vol. 194. P. 31-37.
- Ahuja A., Chick W., King W., Metreweli C. Clinical significance of the comet-tail artifact in thyroid ultrasound Ï J. Clin. Ultrasound. 1996. Vol. 24. P. 129-133.
- de los Santos E.T., Keyhani-Rofagha S., Cunningham J.J., Mazzaferri E.L. Cystic thyroid nodules. The dilemma of malignant lesions 11 Arch. Intern. Med. 1990. Vol. 150. P. 1422-1427.
- Henrichsen T.L., Reading C.C., Charboneau J.W., Donovan DJ. et al. Cystic change in thyroid carcinoma: prevalence and estimated volume in 360 carcinomas // J. Clin. Ultrasound. 2010. Vol. 38. P. 361-366.
- Alexander E.K., Hurwitz S., Heering J.P. et al. Natural history of benign solid and cystic thyroid nodules // Ann. Intern. Med. 2003. Vol. 138. P. 315-318.
- Reading C.C., Charboneau J.W., Hay I.D., Sebo TJ. Sonography of thyroid nodules: a «classic pattern» diagnostic approach // Ultrasound Q. 2005. Vol. 21. P. 157-165.
- Frates M.C., Benson C.B., Charboneau J.W. et al. Management of thyroid nodules detected at US: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus conference statement // Radiology. 2005. Vol. 237. P. 794-800.
- Taki S., Terahata S., Yamashita R. et al. Thyroid calcifications: sonographic patterns and incidence of cancer // Clin. Imaging. 2004. Vol. 28. P. 368-371.
- Moon H.J., Kwak J.Y., Kim M.J., Son EJ. et al. Can vascularity at power Doppler US help predict thyroid malignancy? // Radiology. 2010. Vol. 255. P. 260-269.
- Fukunari N., Nagahama Ì., Sugino Ê., Mimura Ò. et al. Clinical evaluation of color Doppler imaging for the differential diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions // World J. Surg. 2004. Vol. 28. P. 1261-1265.
- Langer J.E., Mandel SJ. Sonographic imaging of cervical lymph nodes in patients with thyroid cancer // Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 2008. Vol. 18. P. 479-489.
- Ito Y„ Kobayashi K., Tomoda C. et al. Ill-defined edge on ultrasonographic examination can be a marker of aggressive characteristic of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma // World J. Surg. 2005. Vol. 29. P. 10071011.
- Chan B.K., Desser T.S., McDougall I.R., Weigel R.J. et al. Common and uncommon sonographic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma // J. Ultrasound Med. 2003. Vol. 22. P. 1083-1090.
- Jeh S.K., Jung S.L., Kim B.S., Lee Y.S. Evaluating the degree of conformity of papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma to the reported ultrasonographic findings of malignant thyroid tumor // Korean J. Radiol. 2007. Vol. 8. P. 192-197.
- Kim D.S., Kim J.H., Na D.G. et al. Sonographic features of follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinomas in comparison with conventional papillary thyroid carcinomas // J. Ultrasound Med. 2009. Vol. 28. P. 1685-1692.
- Brauer V.F., Eder P, Miehle K., Wiesner T.D. et al. Interobserver variation for ultrasound determination of thyroid nodule volumes // Thyroid. 2005. Vol. 15. P. 1169-1175.
- Pearce Å„ Farwell A., Braverman L. Current concepts: thyroiditis // N. Engl. J. Med. 2003. Vol. 384, N 26. P. 2646-2655.
- Pedersen O.M., Aardal N.P., Larssen T.B. et al. The value of ultrasonography in predicting autoimmune thyroid disease // Thyroid. 2000. Vol. 10, N 3.P. 251-259.
- Raber W., Gessi A. et al. Thyroid ultrasound versus antithyroid peroxidase antibody determination: a cohort study of four hundred fifty-one subjects // Thyroid. 2002. Vol. 12, N 8. P. 725-731.
- Rago T., Chiovato L., Grasso L. et al. Thyroid ultrasonography as a tool for detecting thyroid autoimmune diseases and predicting thyroid dysfunction in apparently healthy subjects // J. Endocrinol. Invest. 2001. Vol. 24. P. 763-769.
- Rotondi M., Cappelli C., Leporati P. et al. A hypoechoic pattern of the thyroid at ultrasound does not indicate autoimmune thyroid diseases in patients with morbid obesity // Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2010. Vol. 163, N 1. P. 105-109.
- Loy M., Cianchetti M.E., Cardia F. et al. Correlation of computerized gray-scale sonographic findings with thyroid function and thyroid autoimmune activity in patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis // J. Clin. Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 32. P. 136-140.
- Livolsi V.A. The pathology of autoimmune thyroid disease: a review // Thyroid. 1994. Vol. 4, N 3. P. 333-339.
- Kwak J.Y., Kim E.K., Hong S.W. et al. Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: ultrasound features with histopathological correlation 11 Clin. Radiol. 2007. Vol. 62, N 4. P. 382-386.
- Beland M.D., Kwon L„ Delellis R.A., Cronin J.J. et al. Nonshadowing echogenic foci in thyroid nodules. Are certain appearances enough to avoid thyroid biopsy? 11 J. Ultrasound Med. 2011. Vol. 30. P. 753-760.
- Gul K., Dirikoc A., Kiyak G. et al. The association between thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis: the ultrasonographic and histopathologic characteristics of malignant nodules // Thyroid. 2010. Vol. 20. P. 873-878.
- Fiore E„ Rago T., Latrofa F. et al. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma: role of TSH and of treatment with L-thyroxine // Endocr. Relat. Cancer. 2011. Vol. 18, N 4. P. 429-437.
- Anil C., Goksel S., Gursoy A. Hashimotos thyroiditis is not associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules: a single-center prospective study // Thyroid. 2010. Vol. 20, N 6. P. 601 — 606.
- Anderson L., Middleton W. et al. Hashimoto thyroiditis: Pt 1, sonographic analysis of the nodular form of Hashimoto thyroiditis // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2010. Vol. 195. P. 208-215.
- Anderson L., Middleton W. et al. Hashimoto thyroiditis: Pt 2, sonographic analysis of benign and malignant nodules in patients with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis //AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2010. Vol. 195. P. 216-222.
- Ohmori N., Miyakawa M., Ohmori K. et al. Ultrasonographic findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma with Hashimoto's thyroiditis // Intern. Med. 2007. Vol. 46, N 9. P. 547-550.
- Bonavita J.A., Mayo J., Babb J. et al. Pattern recognition of benign nodules at ultrasound of the thyroid: which nodules can be left alone? // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2009. Vol. 193. P. 207-213.
- Holm L.E., Blomgren H., Lowhagen T. Cancer risks in patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis // N. Engl. J. Med. 1985. Vol. 312. P. 601-604.
- Ota H„ Ito Y., Matsuzuka F. et al. Usefulness of ultrasonography for diagnosis of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid // Thyroid. 2006. Vol. 16. P. 983.
- Ahuja A.T. The thyroid and parathyroids // Practical Head and Neck Ultrasound I eds A.T. Ahuja, R.M. Evans. London : Greenwich Medical Media Limited, 2000. P. 55-58.
- Ralls P.W., Mayekawa D.S., Lee Ê.Ð. et al. Color-flow Doppler sonography in Graves’s disease: «thyroid inferno» // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 1988. Vol. 150, N 4. P. 781-784.
- Erdogan M.F., Anil C., Cesur M. et al. Color flow Doppler sonography for the etiologic diagnosis of hyperthyroidism // Thyroid. 2007. Vol. 17. P. 223-228.
- Kurita S., Sakurai M., Kita Y. et al. Measurement of thyroid blood flow area is useful for diagnosing the cause of thyrotoxicosis // Thyroid. 2005. Vol. 15. P. 1249-1252.
- Ota H., Amino N., Morita S. et al. Quantitative measurement of thyroid blood flow for differentiation of painless thyroiditis from Graves’ disease 11 Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2007. Vol. 67. P. 41.
- Bogazzi E, Vitti P. Could improved ultrasound and power Doppler replace thyroidal radioiodine uptake to assess thyroid disease? // Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2008. Vol. 4. P. 70-71.
- Bahn R.S., Burch H.B., Cooper D.S. et al. Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists // Endocr. Pract. 2011. Vol. 17, N 3. P. 456-520.
- Cappelli C„ Pirola I., de Martino E. et al. The role of imaging in Graves’ disease: a cost-effectiveness analysis // Eur. J. Radiol. 2008. Vol. 65. P. 99-103.
- Kahaly G.J., Bartalena L., Hegedus L. The American Thyroid Associa-tion/American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists guidelines for hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: a European perspective // Thyroid. 2011. Vol. 21, N6. P. 585-591.
- Pellegriti G., Belfiore A., Giuffrida D. et al. Outcome of differentiated thyroid cancer in Graves’ patients // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1998. Vol. 83, N 8. P. 2805-2809.
- Belfiore A., Russo D., Vigneri R. et al. Grave’s disease, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer // Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2001. Vol. 55, N 6. P. 711-718.
- Yano Y., Shibuya H„ Kitagawa W. et al. Recent outcome of Graves’ disease patients with papillary thyroid cancer // Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2007. Vol. 157, N 3. P. 325-329.
- Premawardhana L.D., Parkes A.B., Ammari F. et al. Postpartum thyroiditis and long-term thyroid status: prognostic influence of TPO antibody and US echogenicity // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2000. Vol. 85. P. 71-75.
- Sholosh B„ Borhani A. Thyroid ultrasound pt 1: technique and diffuse disease // Radiol. Clin. North Am. 2011. Vol. 49. P. 393-416.
- Park S.Y., Kim Å.Ê., Kim M.J. et al. Ultrasonographic characteristics of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis // Korean J. Radiol. 2006. Vol. 7. P. 229-234.
- Kim T., Orloff L. Thyroid ultrasonography // Head and Neck Ultrasonography I ed. L. Orloff. Oxfordshire, UK : Plural Publishing, 2008. P. 69-114.
- Masuoka H., Miyauchi A., Tomoda C. et al. Imaging studies in sixty patients with acute suppurative thyroiditis // Thyroid. 2011. Vol. 21, N 10. P. 1075-1080.
- Hennessey J. Riedel’s thyroiditis: a clinical review // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2011. Vol. 96, N 10. P. 3031-3041.
- Chang Y.-W., Hong H.S., Choi D.L. Sonography of the pediatric thyroid: a pictorial essay Ï J. Clin. Ultrasound. 2009. Vol. 37, N 3. P. 149-157. doi: 10.1002/jcu.20555.
- Frates M.C., Benson C.B., Charboneau J.W., Cibas E.S. et al. Management of thyroid nodules detected at US: society of radiologists in ultrasound consensus conference statement // Radiology. 2005. Vol. 237, N 3. P. 794-800. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2373050220.
- Hoang J.K., Lee W.K., Lee M., Johnson D. et al. US features of thyroid malignancy: pearls and pitfalls // Radiographics. 2007. Vol. 27, N 3. P. 847-860. doi: 10.1148/rg.273065038.
- Marwaha R.K., Tandon N.. Kanwar R., Ganie M.A. et al. Evaluation of the role of ultrasonography in diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis in goitrous children // Indian Pediatr. 2008. Vol. 45, N 4. P. 279-284.
- Nasseri Å, Eftekhari Å Clinical and radiologic review of the normal and abnormal thymus: pearls and pitfalls // Radiographics. 2010. Vol. 30, N 2. P. 413-428. doi: 10.1148/rg.302095131.
- Ruchala M., Szczepanek E., Szaflarski W., Moczko J. et al. Increased risk of thyroid pathology in patients with thyroid hemiagenesis: results of a large cohort case-control study // Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2009. Vol. 162, N 1. P. 153-160. doi: 10.1530/EJE-09-0590.
- Takashima S., Nomura N., Tanaka H., Itoh Y. et al. Congenital hypothyroidism: assessment with ultrasound // AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 1995. Vol. 16, N5. P. 1117-1123.
- Ahuja AT, Evans RM, editors. Practical head and neck ultrasound. London: Greenwich medical limited; 2000.
- Blum M, Yee J. Method of performing ultrasonography of the neck. In: Jack Baskin MD H, editor. Thyroid ultrasound and ultrasound-guided FNA biopsy. Massachusetts: Kluwer; 2000. p. 35–58.
- AIUM. Standards for performance of the thyroid and parathyroid ultrasound examination (AIUM Standard, approved 1998). Laurel, MD: American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine; 1999.
- Cerbone G., Spiezia S., Colao A., Sarno D. et al. Power Doppler improves the diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasonography in cold thyroid nodules: follow-up results // Horm. Res. 1999. Vol. 52, N 1. P. 19-24.
- Papini E., Guglielmi R., Bianchini A., Crescenzi A. et al. Risk of malignancy in nonpalpable thyroid nodules: predictive value of ultrasound and color Doppler features // J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2002. Vol. 87, N5. P. 1941-1946.
- Berni A., Tromba L., Falvo L., Marchesi M. et al. Malignant thyroid nodules: comparison between color Doppler diagnosis and histological examination of surgical samples // Chir. Ital. 2002. Vol. 54, N 5. P. 643-647.
- Frates M.C., Benson C.B., Doubilet P.M., Cibs E.S. et al. Can color Doppler sonography aid in the prediction of malignancy of thyroid nodules? // J. Ultrasound Med. 2003. Vol. 22. P. 127-131.
- Moon H.J., Kwak J.Y., Kim MJ. et al. Can vascularity at power Doppler US help predict thyroid malignancy? // Radiology. 2010. Vol. 255, N 1. P. 260-269.
- Chammas M.C., Gerhard R., de Oliveira I.R. et al. Thyroid nodules: evaluation with power Doppler and duplex Doppler ultrasound // Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2005. Vol. 132, N 6. P. 874-882.
- Chammas M.C. Why do we have so many controversies in thyroid nodule Doppler US? 11 Radiology. 2011. Vol. 259, N 1. P. 304.
- Cooper D.S., Doherty G.M., Haugen B.R. et al. The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. Revised management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer // Thyroid. 2009. Vol. 19. P. 1167-1214.
- Gharib H., Papini E., Paschke R., Duick D.S. et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Associazione Medici Endocrinologi, and European Thyroid Association medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules // Endocr. Pract. 2010. Vol. 16, suppl. 1. P. 1-43.
- Moon W.J., Baek J.H., Jung S.LK. et al. Ultrasonography and the ultrasound-based management of thyroid nodules: consensus statement and recommendations // Korean J. Radiol. 2011. Vol. 12, N 1. P. 1-14.
- Fukunari N., Nagahama M., Sugino K. et al. Clinical evaluation of color Doppler imaging for the differential diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions // World J. Surg. 2004. Vol. 28, N 12. P. 1261-1265.
- De Nicola H„ Szejnfeld J., Logullo A.F. et al. Flow pattern and vascular resistance index as predictors of malignancy risk in thyroid follicular neoplasms //J. Ultrasound Med. 2005. Vol. 24. P. 897 904.
- Levine R.A. Value of Doppler ultrasonography in management of patients with follicular thyroid biopsies // Endocr. Pract. 2006. Vol. 12, N 3. P. 270-274.
- lared W., Shigueoka D.C., Cristofoli J.C. et al. Use of color Doppler ultrasonography for the prediction of malignancy in follicular thyroid neoplasms: systematic review and meta-analysis // J. Ultrasound Med. 2010. Vol. 29, N 3. P. 419-425.
- Bogazzi E, Bartelena L., Martino E. Approach to the patient with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis H J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010. Vol. 95, N 6. P. 2529-2535.
- Macedo T.A., Chammas M.C., Jorge P.T. et al. Differentiation between the two types of amiodarone-associated thyrotoxicosis using duplex and amplitude Doppler sonography // Acta Radiol. 2007. Vol. 48, N 4. P. 412-421.
- Bogazzi E, Bartelena L., Brogioni S. et al. Color flow Doppler sonography rapidly differentiates type I and type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis // Thyroid. 1997. Vol. 7, N 4. P. 541-545.
- Eaton S.E., Euinton H.A., Newman C.M. et al. Clinical experience of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis over a 3-year period: role of colourflow Doppler sonography // Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2002. Vol. 56, N 1. P. 33-38.
- Ralls P.W., Mayekowa D.S., Lee K.P. et al. Color-flow Doppler sonography in Grave's disease: «Thyroid Inferno» // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 1988. Vol. 150. P. 781-784.
- Bahn R.S., Burch H.B., Cooper D.S. et al. Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: Management Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists // Thyroid. 2011. Vol. 21, N 6. P. 593-646.
- Kahaly G.J., Bartalena L., Hegedus L. The American Thyroid Association/ American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Guidelines for hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: a European perspective // Thyroid. 2011. Vol. 21, N6. P. 585-591.
- Kurita S., Sakurai M„ Kita Y. et al. Measurement of thyroid blood flow area is useful for diagnosing the cause of thyrotoxicosis // Thyroid. 2005. Vol. 15, N l.P. 1249-1252.
- Uchida T, Takeno K., Goto M., Kanno R. et al. Superior thyroid artery mean peak systolic velocity for the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis in Japanese patients // Endocr. J. 2010. Vol. 57, N 5. P. 439-443.
- Hari Kumar K.V.S., Pasupuleti V, Jayaraman M. et al. Role of thyroid Doppler in differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis // Endocr. Pract. 2009. Vol. 15, N 1. P. 6-9.
- Ota Í., Amino N„ Morita S. et al. Quantitative measurement of thyroid blood flow for differentiation of painless thyroiditis from Graves’ disease // Clin. Endocrinol. 2007. Vol. 67. P. 41-45.
- Bogazzi E, Vitti P. Could improved ultrasound and power Doppler replace thyroidal radioiodine uptake to assess thyroid disease? // Nat. Clin. Pract. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008. Vol. 4, N 2. P. 70-71.
- Meritt CRB. Physics of ultrasound. In: Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D, editors. Diagnostic ultrasound. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2011. p. 2–33.
- Levine RA. Something old and something new: a brief history of thyroid ultrasound technology. Endocr Pract. 2004;10(3):227–33.
- Coltrera MD. Ultrasound physics in a nutshell. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010;43(6):1149–59.
- Ahuja A, Chick W, King W, Metreweli C. Clinical signi fi cance of the comet-tail artifact in thyroid ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound. 1996;24(3):129–33.
- Szopinski KT, Wysocki M, Pajk AM, et al. Tissue harmonic imaging of thyroid nodules: initial experience. J Ultrasound Med. 2003;22(1):5–12.
- Lin DC, Nazarian L, O’Kane PL, et al. Advantages of real-time spatial compound sonography of the musculoskeletal system versus conventional sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179(6):1629–31.
- Shapiro RS, Simpson WL, Rauch DL, Yeh HC. Compound spatial sonography of the thyroid gland: evaluation of freedom from artifacts and of nodule conspicuity. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;177:1195–8.
- Solbiati L, Osti V, Cova L, Tonolini M. Ultrasound of the thyroid, parathyroid glands and neck lymph nodes. Eur Radiol. 2001;11(12):2411–24.
- Tessler FN, Tublin ME. Thyroid sonography: current applications and future directions. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999;173:437–43.
- Levine RA. Something old and something new: a brief history of thyroid ultrasound technology. Endocr Pract. 2004;10(3):227–33.
- Woo JSK. A short history of the development of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology. 2011. Accessed 16 Dec 2011.
- Blum M, Weiss B, Hernberg J. Evaluation of thyroid nodules by A-mode echography. Radiology. 1971;101:651–6.
- Skolnick ML, Royal DR. A simple and inexpensive water bath adapting a contact scanner for thyroid and testicular imaging. J Clin Ultrasound. 1975;3(3):225–7.
- Fujimoto F, Oka A, Omoto R, Hirsoe M. Ultrasound scanning of the thyroid gland as a new diagnostic approach. Ultrasonics. 1967;5:177–80.
- Thijs LG. Diagnostic ultrasound in clinical thyroid investigation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1971;32(6):709–16.
- Scheible W, Leopold GR, Woo VL, Gosink BB. High resolution realtime ultrasonography of thyroid nodules. Radiology. 1979;133:413–7.
- Crocker EF, McLaughlin AF, Kossoff G, Jellins J. The gray scale echographic appearance of thyroid malignancy. J Clin Ultrasound. 1974;2(4):305–6.
- Hassani SN, Bard RL. Evaluation of solid thyroid neoplasms by gray scale and real time ultrasonography: the “halo” sign. Ultrasound Med. 1977;4:323.
- Propper RA, Skolnick ML, Weinstein BJ, Dekker A. The nonspeci fi city of the thyroid halo sign. J Clin Ultrasound. 1980;8:129–32.
- Wal fi sh PG, Hazani E, Strawbridge HTG, Miskin M, Rosen IB. Combined ultrasound and needle aspiration cytology in the assessment and management of hypofunctioning thyroid nodule. Ann Intern Med. 1977;87(3):270–4.
- Gharib H. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules: advantages, limitations, and effect. Mayo Clin Proc. 1994;69:44–9.
- Danese D, Sciacchitano S, Farsetti A, Andreoli M, Pontecorvi A. Diagnostic accuracy of conventional versus sonography guided fi neneedle aspiration biopsy in the management of nonpalpable and palpable thyroid nodules. Thyroid. 1998;8:511–5.
- Tan GH, Gharib H, Reading CC. Solitary thyroid nodule: comparison between palpation and ultrasonography. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:2418–23.
- Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, et al. The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. Revised management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19:1167–214.
- Ralls PW, Mayekowa DS, Lee KP, et al. Color- fl ow Doppler sonography in Graves’ disease: “thyroid inferno”. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1988;150:781–4.
- Bogazzi F, Bartelena L, Brogioni S, et al. Color fl ow Doppler sonography rapidly differentiates type I and type II amiodaroneinduced thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid. 1997;7(4):541–5.
- Grant EG. Sonographic contrast agents in vascular imaging. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2001;22(1):25–41.
- Valcavi R. Personal communication. (2012)
- Lees W. Ultrasound imaging in three and four dimensions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2001;22(1):85–105.
- Antonelli A, Miccoli P, Ferdeghini M. Role of neck ultrasonography in the follow-up of patients operated on for thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 1995;5(1):25–8.
- Robert A. Levine , MD, FACE, ECNU Thyroid Center of New Hampshire, Dartmouth Medical School , Nashua , NH , USA
- Dara R. Treadwell , BS, BT, RDMS Tavares , FL , USA
- Henry J. Baskin , Jr MD, DACR Department of Radiology , Primary Children’s Medical Center, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
- Mark A. Lupo , MD, FACE, ECNU Florida State University College of Medicine, Thyroid & Endocrine Center of Florida , Sarasota , FL , USA
- Susan J. Mandel , MD, MPH Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
- Jill E. Langer , MD Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA Gregory Randolph , MD, FACS General and Thyroid Surgical
- Divisions Mass Eye and Ear In fi rmary , Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Barry Sacks , MD Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Natick, MA , USA
- H. Jack Baskin , Sr MD, MACE University of Central Florida, College of Medicine , Orlando , FL , USA
- Dev Abraham , MD, MRCP University of Utah , Salt Lake City , UT, USA
- Haengrang Ryu, MD MD Anderson Cancer Center, Yonsei University, College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
- Rachel Harris , MD Department of Surgical Oncology , MD Anderson, Cancer Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston , TX , USA
- Nancy D. Perrier , MD, FACS Department of Surgical Oncology, Section of Surgical Endocrinology , The University of Texas MD, Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
- Robert A. Sofferman , MD University Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington , VT , USA
- Roberto Valcavi , MD, FACE Endocrinology Unit, Arcispedale Santa, Maria Nuova , Reggio Emilia , Italy
- Giorgio Stecconi Bortolani , MD Endocrine Unit, Arcispedale Santa, Maria Nuova , Reggio Emilia , Italy
- Fabrizio Riganti , MD Endocrine Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria, Nuova , Reggio Emilia , Italy
- Andrea Frasoldati , MD Endocrine Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria, Nuova , Reggio Emilia , Italy
- Daniel S. Duick , MD, FACP, FACE University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Endocrinology Associates, PA , Scottsdale , AZ, USA
- J. Woody Sistrunk , MD, FACE, ECNU Jackson Thyroid and Endocrine, Clinic , Jackson , MS , USA
- Âåðíóòüñÿ â îãëàâëåíèå ðàçäåëà "ÓÇÈ"
Ðåäàêòîð: Èñêàíäåð Ìèëåâñêè. Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè: 7.6.2023
